Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, Kuzey Yarımkürede, Avrupa ve Asya kıtaları arasında, kuşbakışı görünümü kabaca doğu-batı doğrultusunda bir dikdörtgeni andıran Anadolu platosu üzerinde kurulmuştur. Akdeniz, Karadeniz, bu iki denizi Boğazlar vasıtasıyla birbirine bağlayan Marmara Denizi ve Ege Denizi ile çevrilidir. Eski çağın başlıca uygarlık alanları olan Akdeniz dünyası ile Ortadoğu ve Uzakdoğu göç ve ticaret yollarının kesişim noktasında bulunan Türkiye coğrafyası pek çok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmıştır.
The Republic of Turkey is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in Southwestern Asia and the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey borders eight countries: ► Bulgaria to the northwest, ► Greece to the west, ► Georgia with to the northeast, ► Armenia, ► Iran and the ► Nakhichevan exclave of ► Azerbaijan to the east, and ► Iraq and ► Syria to the southeast. In addition, it borders the Black Sea to the north, the Aegean Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south, where ► Cyprus lies. Turkey also contains the Sea of Marmara that is used by geographers to mark the border between Europe and Asia, thus making the country transcontinental.
Short name
Turkey
Official name
Republic of Turkey
Status
Independent country since 1923, as Ottoman Empire since 1299
This section holds a short summary of the history of the area of present-day Turkey, illustrated with maps, including historical maps of former countries and empires that included present-day Turkey.
Before the Roman Empire
The Hittite Empire (red) at the height of its power in ca. 1290 BC, bordering on the Egyptian Empire (green)
Roman Empire divided 395, showing the dioceses and praetorian prefectures of Gaul, Italy, Illyricum and Oriens (east), roughly analogous to the four Tetrarch zones of influence after Diocletian's reforms.
The division of the Empire after the death of Theodosius I, ca.395 AD superimposed on modern borders.
Map to show the partition of the empire following the Fourth Crusade, c.1204.
The Byzantine Empire in 1265 (William R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas, 1911).
Byzantine Empire in 1265
Byzantine Empire in 1355
Byzantine Empire 1400
Map showing changes in borders of the Mongol Empire from founding by Genghis Khan in 1206, Genghis Khan's death in 1227 to the rule of Kublai Khan (1260–1294). (Uses modern day borders)
Ottoman Empire in Europe, made by T. Jefferys, 1785
15th Century map of the region now known as Turkey
How the Treaty of Sèvres planed to break up Turkey
Today, Turkey.
Notes and references
General remarks:
The WIKIMEDIA COMMONS Atlas of the World is an organized and commented collection of geographical, political and historical maps available at Wikimedia Commons. The main page is therefore the portal to maps and cartography on Wikimedia. That page contains links to entries by country, continent and by topic as well as general notes and references.
Every entry has an introduction section in English. If other languages are native and/or official in an entity, introductions in other languages are added in separate sections. The text of the introduction(s) is based on the content of the Wikipedia encyclopedia. For sources of the introduction see therefore the Wikipedia entries linked to. The same goes for the texts in the history sections.
Historical maps are included in the continent, country and dependency entries.
The status of various entities is disputed. See the content for the entities concerned.
The maps of former countries that are more or less continued by a present-day country or had a territory included in only one or two countries are included in the atlas of the present-day country. For example the Ottoman Empire can be found in the Atlas of Turkey.
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