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river

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: River

English

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A river

Etymology 1

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From Middle English ryver, from Anglo-Norman rivere, from Early Medieval Latin rīpāria (“littoral, riverbank”), from Latin rīpārius (“of a riverbank”), from Latin rīpa (“river bank”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to scratch, tear, cut”). Unrelated to Latin rīvus (“stream”) (whence rival, derive). Doublet of riviera and rivière. Displaced native Old English ēa.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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river (plural rivers)

  2. A large and often winding stream which drains a land mass, carrying water down from higher areas to a lower point, oftentimes ending in another body of water, such as an ocean or in an inland sea.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:river
    Occasionally rivers overflow their banks and cause floods.
    • 1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC:
      By the side of the river he trotted as one trots, when very small, by the side of a man who holds one spell-bound by exciting stories; and when tired at last, he sat on the bank, while the river still chattered on to him, a babbling procession of the best stories in the world, sent from the heart of the earth to be told at last to the insatiable sea.
    • 2013 June 29, “High and wet”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 28:
      Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale. The early, intense onset of the monsoon on June 14th swelled rivers, washing away roads, bridges, hotels and even whole villages. Rock-filled torrents smashed vehicles and homes, burying victims under rubble and sludge.
  3. Any large flow of a liquid in a single body.
    a river of blood
  5. (poker) The last card dealt in a hand.
    • 2017, Nathan Schwiethale, Ace High: Mastering Low Stakes Poker Cash Games, page 70:
      He called instantly but was too ashamed to show until the river.
  6. (typography) A visually undesirable effect of white space running down a page, caused by spaces between words on consecutive lines happening to coincide.
Usage notes
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  • As with the names of lakes and mountains, the names of rivers are typically formed by adding the word before or after the unique term: the River Thames or the Yangtze River. Generally speaking, names formed using adjectives or attributives see river added to the end, as with the Yellow River. It is less common to add river before names than it is with lakes, but many of the rivers of Britain are written that way, as with the River Severn; indeed, British English tends to use "River X" in such cases while American, South African, Australian and New Zealand English use "X River". The former derives from the earlier but now uncommon form river of ~: the 19th century River of Jordan is now usually simply the River Jordan.
  • It is common to preface the proper names of rivers with the article the.
  • Concerning the reference of its coordinate terms, some people say:[1] you can step over a brook, jump over a creek, wade across a stream, and swim across a river.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • → Finnish: river (“river (in poker)”)
  • Sranan Tongo: liba
Translations
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See river/translations § Noun.
See also
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Verb

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river (third-person singular simple present rivers, present participle rivering, simple past and past participle rivered)

  1. (poker) To improve one’s hand to beat another player on the final card in a poker game.
    Johnny rivered me by drawing that ace of spades.

Etymology 2

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    From rive + -er.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    river (plural rivers)

    1. One who rives or splits.

    References

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    1. ^ Definitions of rivers, stream, brooks, creeks and other terms (Goran Šafarek, WorldRivers.net, November 29, 2018)

    Further reading

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    Danish

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    Noun

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    river c

    1. indefinite plural of rive

    Verb

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    river

    1. present of rive

    Finnish

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from English river.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈriʋer/, [ˈriʋe̞r]
    • Rhymes: -iʋer
    • Syllabification(key): ri‧ver
    • Hyphenation(key): ri‧ver

    Noun

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    river

    1. (poker) river (fifth communal card in Texas hold'em)

    Declension

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    Inflection of river (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)
    nominative river riverit
    genitive riverin riverien
    rivereiden
    rivereitten
    partitive riveriä rivereitä
    riverejä
    illative riveriin rivereihin
    singular plural
    nominative river riverit
    accusative nom. river riverit
    gen. riverin
    genitive riverin riverien
    rivereiden
    rivereitten
    partitive riveriä rivereitä
    riverejä
    inessive riverissä rivereissä
    elative riveristä rivereistä
    illative riveriin rivereihin
    adessive riverillä rivereillä
    ablative riveriltä rivereiltä
    allative riverille rivereille
    essive riverinä rivereinä
    translative riveriksi rivereiksi
    abessive riverittä rivereittä
    instructive — riverein
    comitative See the possessive forms below.
    Possessive forms of river (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)
    first-person singular possessor
    singular plural
    nominative riverini riverini
    accusative nom. riverini riverini
    gen. riverini
    genitive riverini riverieni
    rivereideni
    rivereitteni
    partitive riveriäni rivereitäni
    riverejäni
    inessive riverissäni rivereissäni
    elative riveristäni rivereistäni
    illative riveriini rivereihini
    adessive riverilläni rivereilläni
    ablative riveriltäni rivereiltäni
    allative riverilleni rivereilleni
    essive riverinäni rivereinäni
    translative riverikseni rivereikseni
    abessive riverittäni rivereittäni
    instructive — —
    comitative — rivereineni
    second-person singular possessor
    singular plural
    nominative riverisi riverisi
    accusative nom. riverisi riverisi
    gen. riverisi
    genitive riverisi riveriesi
    rivereidesi
    rivereittesi
    partitive riveriäsi rivereitäsi
    riverejäsi
    inessive riverissäsi rivereissäsi
    elative riveristäsi rivereistäsi
    illative riveriisi rivereihisi
    adessive riverilläsi rivereilläsi
    ablative riveriltäsi rivereiltäsi
    allative riverillesi rivereillesi
    essive riverinäsi rivereinäsi
    translative riveriksesi rivereiksesi
    abessive riverittäsi rivereittäsi
    instructive — —
    comitative — rivereinesi
    first-person plural possessor
    singular plural
    nominative riverimme riverimme
    accusative nom. riverimme riverimme
    gen. riverimme
    genitive riverimme riveriemme
    rivereidemme
    rivereittemme
    partitive riveriämme rivereitämme
    riverejämme
    inessive riverissämme rivereissämme
    elative riveristämme rivereistämme
    illative riveriimme rivereihimme
    adessive riverillämme rivereillämme
    ablative riveriltämme rivereiltämme
    allative riverillemme rivereillemme
    essive riverinämme rivereinämme
    translative riveriksemme rivereiksemme
    abessive riverittämme rivereittämme
    instructive — —
    comitative — rivereinemme
    second-person plural possessor
    singular plural
    nominative riverinne riverinne
    accusative nom. riverinne riverinne
    gen. riverinne
    genitive riverinne riverienne
    rivereidenne
    rivereittenne
    partitive riveriänne rivereitänne
    riverejänne
    inessive riverissänne rivereissänne
    elative riveristänne rivereistänne
    illative riveriinne rivereihinne
    adessive riverillänne rivereillänne
    ablative riveriltänne rivereiltänne
    allative riverillenne rivereillenne
    essive riverinänne rivereinänne
    translative riveriksenne rivereiksenne
    abessive riverittänne rivereittänne
    instructive — —
    comitative — rivereinenne
    third-person possessor
    singular plural
    nominative riverinsä riverinsä
    accusative nom. riverinsä riverinsä
    gen. riverinsä
    genitive riverinsä riveriensä
    rivereidensä
    rivereittensä
    partitive riveriään
    riveriänsä     		rivereitään
    riverejään
    rivereitänsä
    riverejänsä
    inessive riverissään
    riverissänsä     		rivereissään
    rivereissänsä
    elative riveristään
    riveristänsä     		rivereistään
    rivereistänsä
    illative riveriinsä rivereihinsä
    adessive riverillään
    riverillänsä     		rivereillään
    rivereillänsä
    ablative riveriltään
    riveriltänsä     		rivereiltään
    rivereiltänsä
    allative riverilleen
    riverillensä     		rivereilleen
    rivereillensä
    essive riverinään
    riverinänsä     		rivereinään
    rivereinänsä
    translative riverikseen
    riveriksensä     		rivereikseen
    rivereiksensä
    abessive riverittään
    riverittänsä     		rivereittään
    rivereittänsä
    instructive — —
    comitative — rivereineen
    rivereinensä

    Synonyms

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    See also

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    French

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    Etymology

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    From a Germanic source (compare Danish rive).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    river

    1. to drive/set a rivet

    Conjugation

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    Conjugation of river (see also Appendix:French verbs)
    infinitive simple river
    compound avoir + past participle
    present participle or gerund1 simple rivant
    /ʁi.vɑ̃/
    compound ayant + past participle
    past participle rivé
    /ʁi.ve/
    singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
    (simple
    tenses)         		present rive
    /ʁiv/     		rives
    /ʁiv/     		rive
    /ʁiv/     		rivons
    /ʁi.vɔ̃/     		rivez
    /ʁi.ve/     		rivent
    /ʁiv/
    imperfect rivais
    /ʁi.vɛ/     		rivais
    /ʁi.vɛ/     		rivait
    /ʁi.vɛ/     		rivions
    /ʁi.vjɔ̃/     		riviez
    /ʁi.vje/     		rivaient
    /ʁi.vɛ/
    past historic2 rivai
    /ʁi.ve/     		rivas
    /ʁi.va/     		riva
    /ʁi.va/     		rivâmes
    /ʁi.vam/     		rivâtes
    /ʁi.vat/     		rivèrent
    /ʁi.vɛʁ/
    future riverai
    /ʁi.vʁe/     		riveras
    /ʁi.vʁa/     		rivera
    /ʁi.vʁa/     		riverons
    /ʁi.vʁɔ̃/     		riverez
    /ʁi.vʁe/     		riveront
    /ʁi.vʁɔ̃/
    conditional riverais
    /ʁi.vʁɛ/     		riverais
    /ʁi.vʁɛ/     		riverait
    /ʁi.vʁɛ/     		riverions
    /ʁi.və.ʁjɔ̃/     		riveriez
    /ʁi.və.ʁje/     		riveraient
    /ʁi.vʁɛ/
    (compound
    tenses)         		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
    past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
    future perfect future of avoir + past participle
    conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
    subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
    (simple
    tenses)         		present rive
    /ʁiv/     		rives
    /ʁiv/     		rive
    /ʁiv/     		rivions
    /ʁi.vjɔ̃/     		riviez
    /ʁi.vje/     		rivent
    /ʁiv/
    imperfect2 rivasse
    /ʁi.vas/     		rivasses
    /ʁi.vas/     		rivât
    /ʁi.va/     		rivassions
    /ʁi.va.sjɔ̃/     		rivassiez
    /ʁi.va.sje/     		rivassent
    /ʁi.vas/
    (compound
    tenses)         		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    imperative – tu – nous vous –
    simple — rive
    /ʁiv/     		— rivons
    /ʁi.vɔ̃/     		rivez
    /ʁi.ve/     		—
    compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
    1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
    2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
    past historic → present perfect
    past anterior → pluperfect
    imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
    pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

    (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

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    Further reading

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    Anagrams

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    Latin

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    Verb

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    rīver

    1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of rīvō

    Middle English

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    Noun

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    river

    1. alternative form of ryver

    Norwegian Bokmål

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    Noun

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    river m or f

    1. indefinite plural of rive

    Verb

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    river

    1. present of rive

    Norwegian Nynorsk

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    Noun

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    river f

    1. indefinite plural of rive

    Verb

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    river

    1. (non-standard since 2012) present of riva

    Swedish

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    Verb

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    river

    1. present indicative of riva

    Anagrams

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    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=river&oldid=91479076"