vero

See also: véro, Véro, Věro, and verő

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin vērus (“true”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvero/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ero
• Syllabification: ve‧ro

Noun

vero (accusative singular veron, plural veroj, accusative plural verojn)

1. truth

   Synonym: vereco

2. reality

   Synonyms: realeco, realaĵo, realo

Derived terms

• malvera (“untrue”)
• malveraĵo (“untruth”)
• malvero (“untruth”)
• vera (“true”)
• vere (“truly”)
• vereco (“truth”)
• verigi (“to realize”)
• veriĝi (“to come true”)

Further reading

• “vero”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “vero”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vero, possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *werᴈ. Cognate to Karelian vero, and possibly Votic vero and Veps vero.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʋero/, [ˈʋe̞ro̞]
• Rhymes: -ero
• Syllabification^(key): ve‧ro
• Hyphenation^(key): ve‧ro

Noun

vero

1. tax (money paid to the government)

   maksaa veroa/veroja ― to pay a tax/taxes

   määrätä vero jollekin ― to impose a tax on something

   panna jokin verolle ― to start taxing something (literally, “to put something on tax”)

   joutua verolle ― to become taxable (literally, “to end up on tax”)

   alentaa/nostaa veroa ― to lower/raise a tax

   välttää veroja ― to avoid taxes

   kiertää veroja ― to evade taxes

Declension

Inflection of vero (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		vero	verot
genitive		veron	verojen
partitive		veroa	veroja
illative		veroon	veroihin
		singular	plural
nominative		vero	verot
accusative	nom.	vero	verot
	gen.	veron
genitive		veron	verojen
partitive		veroa	veroja
inessive		verossa	veroissa
elative		verosta	veroista
illative		veroon	veroihin
adessive		verolla	veroilla
ablative		verolta	veroilta
allative		verolle	veroille
essive		verona	veroina
translative		veroksi	veroiksi
abessive		verotta	veroitta
instructive		—	veroin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of vero (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative veroni veroni accusative nom. veroni veroni gen. veroni genitive veroni verojeni partitive veroani verojani inessive verossani veroissani elative verostani veroistani illative verooni veroihini adessive verollani veroillani ablative veroltani veroiltani allative verolleni veroilleni essive veronani veroinani translative verokseni veroikseni abessive verottani veroittani instructive — — comitative — veroineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative verosi verosi accusative nom. verosi verosi gen. verosi genitive verosi verojesi partitive veroasi verojasi inessive verossasi veroissasi elative verostasi veroistasi illative veroosi veroihisi adessive verollasi veroillasi ablative veroltasi veroiltasi allative verollesi veroillesi essive veronasi veroinasi translative veroksesi veroiksesi abessive verottasi veroittasi instructive — — comitative — veroinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative veromme veromme accusative nom. veromme veromme gen. veromme genitive veromme verojemme partitive veroamme verojamme inessive verossamme veroissamme elative verostamme veroistamme illative veroomme veroihimme adessive verollamme veroillamme ablative veroltamme veroiltamme allative verollemme veroillemme essive veronamme veroinamme translative veroksemme veroiksemme abessive verottamme veroittamme instructive — — comitative — veroinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative veronne veronne accusative nom. veronne veronne gen. veronne genitive veronne verojenne partitive veroanne verojanne inessive verossanne veroissanne elative verostanne veroistanne illative veroonne veroihinne adessive verollanne veroillanne ablative veroltanne veroiltanne allative verollenne veroillenne essive veronanne veroinanne translative veroksenne veroiksenne abessive verottanne veroittanne instructive — — comitative — veroinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative veronsa veronsa accusative nom. veronsa veronsa gen. veronsa genitive veronsa verojensa partitive veroaan veroansa verojaan verojansa inessive verossaan verossansa veroissaan veroissansa elative verostaan verostansa veroistaan veroistansa illative veroonsa veroihinsa adessive verollaan verollansa veroillaan veroillansa ablative veroltaan veroltansa veroiltaan veroiltansa allative verolleen verollensa veroilleen veroillensa essive veronaan veronansa veroinaan veroinansa translative verokseen veroksensa veroikseen veroiksensa abessive verottaan verottansa veroittaan veroittansa instructive — — comitative — veroineen veroinensa

Derived terms

adjectives

• veroinen
• verollinen
• veroton

verbs

• verottaa

compounds

• ajoneuvovero
• alkoholivero
• ansiotulovero
• arpajaisvero
• arvonlisävero
• arvonnousuvero
• autovero
• bensiinivero
• dieselvero
• elinkeinovero
• energiavero
• ennakkovero
• haittavero
• heinävero
• henkivero
• hiilidioksidivero
• hiilivero
• huvivero
• hyödykevero
• jälkivero
• jätevero
• jäännösvero
• kiinteistövero
• kirkollisvero
• koiravero
• kulutusvero
• kunnallisvero
• kunnanvero
• kuntavero
• käyttövoimavero
• könttäsummavero
• lahjavero
• leimavero
• lentokenttävero
• liikevaihtovero
• lisävero
• luonnonsuojeluvero
• lähdevero
• maavero
• marginaalivero
• moottoriajoneuvovero
• myyntivoittovero
• omaisuusvero
• osinkovero
• perintövero
• polttoainevero
• puoluevero
• pääomatulovero
• pääomavero
• raippavero
• rajavero
• rantavero
• rälssivero
• subjektivero
• suostuntavero
• sähkövero
• tasausvero
• tasavero
• tievero
• tulovero
• tuontivero
• valmistevero
• valtionvero
• valuutansiirtovero
• vanhanpiianvero
• vanhanpojanvero
• varainsiirtovero
• varallisuusvero
• veroale
• veroalennus
• veroaste
• veroasteikko
• veroehdotus
• veroelvytys
• veroennakko
• verohallinto
• Verohallitus
• verohelpotus
• verohelvetti
• verohinta
• verohuojennus
• verohylky
• veroilmoitus
• verojohtaja
• verojäämä
• verokalenteri
• verokannustin
• verokanta
• verokarhu
• verokeidas
• verokertymä
• verokiila
• verokilpailu
• verokomissaari
• verokone
• verokortti
• verolautakunta
• veroleikkaus
• veroleikkuri
• verolippu
• verollepano
• veroloukku
• veroluettelo
• veroluku
• veroluokka
• veromerkki
• veromies
• veroministeri
• veromuistutus
• veromätky
• veromäärä
• veronalainen
• veronalennus
• veronhuojennus
• veronkantaja
• veronkanto
• veronkavallus
• veronkevennys
• veronkierto
• veronkiertäjä
• veronkoonti
• veronkorotus
• veronlievennys
• veronlisäys
• veronluonteinen
• veronmaksaja
• veronmaksu
• veronmääräämisoikeus
• veronoikaisu
• veronpalautus
• veronpidätys
• verontasaus
• veronumero
• veronäyttely
• vero-oikeus
• veropaketti
• veropako
• veropakolainen
• veropalkkalaitos
• veroparatiisi
• veroparseli
• veroperuste
• veropetos
• veropiiri
• veropohja
• veropoliittinen
• veropolitiikka
• veroprosentti
• veropäivätyö
• veroraha
• verorasitus
• veroratkaisu
• verorikos
• veroruuvi
• verorästi
• verosaatava
• veroselvitys
• verosopimus
• verosuunnittelu
• verotaakka
• verotalous
• verotarkastaja
• verotarkastus
• verotila
• verotoimisto
• verotuki
• verotulo
• verotulot
• verouudistus
• verovalitus
• verovalmistelija
• verovalmistelu
• verovapaa
• verovapaus
• verovarat
• verovelka
• verovelkatodistus
• verovelvollinen
• verovilja
• verovilppi
• veroviranomainen
• verovirasto
• verovirkailija
• verovuosi
• verovähennys
• veroyksikkö
• veroäyri
• yhteisövero
• yleisradiovero
• ympäristövero

See also

• veroinen

Further reading

• “vero”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 4 July 2023

Anagrams

• rove

Italian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin vērus (“true”), from Proto-Italic *wēros, from a Proto-Indo-European *weh₁-ros, from *weh₁- (“true”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈve.ro/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ero
• Hyphenation: vé‧ro

Adjective

vero (feminine vera, masculine plural veri, feminine plural vere, superlative verissimo, adverb veramente)

1. true

   Se non è vero, è ben trovato.

   If it is not true, it is a good story.

2. real, genuine

   Synonyms: reale, genuino

Noun

vero m (plural veri)

1. truth

Related terms

• davvero
• ovvero
• verace
• veridico
• verificare
• verismo
• verità
• veritiero
• verosimile

Further reading

• vero in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

• ervo, vore

Latin

Alternative forms

• viro (Merovingian)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈweː.roː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈvɛː.ro]

Alternative forms

• (but): ů

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *weh₁ros

Proto-Italic *wēros

Latin vērus

Proto-Indo-European *-éad

Proto-Italic *-ōd

Latin -ō

Latin vērō

From vērus + -ō (adverb-forming suffix).

Alternative forms

• verò (early modern)

Adverb

vērō (not comparable)

1. verily, truly, really, doubtless, in truth, indeed
   • 63 BCE, Cicero, In Catilinam orationes 1.14:

     Quid vērō?

     What [about it], indeed?

2. in particular, specifically
3. (as a postpositive) but
   • 4th century, St Jerome, Vulgate, Tobit 1:23

     Tobias vero cum filio suo et cum uxore fugiens nudus latuit quia multi diligebant eum.

     But Tobias fleeing naked away with his son and with his wife, lay concealed, for many loved him.

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *weh₁ros

Proto-Italic *wēros

Latin vērus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin vērō

From vērus + -ō (verb-forming suffix).

Verb

vērō (present infinitive vērāre, perfect active vērāvī, supine vērātum); first conjugation, no passive

1. (archaic) to tell the truth
   • 2^nd century BCE, Ennius, Annales, Book XIII (lost), verse 370; quoted by Gellius in Noctes Atticae [Attic Nights], written 159–170 CE, Book XVIII, chapter II, verse 16:

     satin vates verant aetate in agunda?

     Do seers, in all their life's course, tell much of truth?^[3]

Conjugation

   Conjugation of vērō (first conjugation, no passive)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	vērō		vērās		vērat		vērāmus		vērātis		vērant
	imperfect	vērābam		vērābās		vērābat		vērābāmus		vērābātis		vērābant
	future	vērābō		vērābis		vērābit		vērābimus		vērābitis		vērābunt
	perfect	vērāvī		vērāvistī		vērāvit		vērāvimus		vērāvistis		vērāvērunt, vērāvēre
	pluperfect	vērāveram		vērāverās		vērāverat		vērāverāmus		vērāverātis		vērāverant
	future perfect	vērāverō		vērāveris		vērāverit		vērāverimus		vērāveritis		vērāverint
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	vērem		vērēs		vēret		vērēmus		vērētis		vērent
	imperfect	vērārem		vērārēs		vērāret		vērārēmus		vērārētis		vērārent
	perfect	vērāverim		vērāverīs		vērāverit		vērāverīmus		vērāverītis		vērāverint
	pluperfect	vērāvissem		vērāvissēs		vērāvisset		vērāvissēmus		vērāvissētis		vērāvissent
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		vērā		—		—		vērāte		—
	future	—		vērātō		vērātō		—		vērātōte		vērantō
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		vērāre			—			vērāns			—
future		vērātūrum esse			—			vērātūrus			—
perfect		vērāvisse			—			—			—
perfect potential		vērātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		vērandī		vērandō		vērandum		vērandō		vērātum		vērātū

Etymology 3

See vērus.

Adjective

vērō

1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of vērus

References

• “vero”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vero”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[4], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) to be averse to truth: a vero aversum esse (Catil. 3. 1. 29)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be led away from the truth: a vero abduci
    
  • (ambiguous) to be probable: a vero non abhorrere
    

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin vērus (“true”), from Proto-Italic *wēros, from a Proto-Indo-European *weh₁-ros, from *weh₁- (“true”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈvɛ.ɾu/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈvɛ.ɾu/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈvɛ.ɾo/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈvɛ.ɾu/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈvɛ.ɾu/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈbɛ.ɾu/

• Rhymes: -ɛɾu
• Hyphenation: ve‧ro

Adjective

vero (feminine vera, masculine plural veros, feminine plural veras)

1. (dated) true, real, genuine

   Synonym: verdadeiro

Related terms

• deveras
• veracidade
• verídico
• verificação
• verificar
• verossímil

Further reading

• “vero”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “vero”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Rapa Nui

Verb

vero

1. throw

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbeɾo/ [ˈbe.ɾo]
• Rhymes: -eɾo
• Syllabification: ve‧ro

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin varius. Doublet of vario.

Noun

vero m (plural veros)

1. (heraldry) vair

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin vērus, from Proto-Italic *wēros, from a Proto-Indo-European *weh₁-ros, from *weh₁- (“true”).

Adjective

vero (feminine vera, masculine plural veros, feminine plural veras)

1. (literary, obsolete, archaic, except in the expression de veras) true, real

   Synonym: verdadero

Related terms

• de veras
• de vero
• Vera Cruz

Further reading

• “vero”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Venetan

Etymology

From Latin verus.

Adjective

vero

1. true

Veps

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

vero

1. custom, tradition
2. belief, superstition
3. ceremony

Inflection

Inflection of vero (inflection type 1/ilo)
nominative sing.	vero
genitive sing.	veron
partitive sing.	verod
partitive plur.	veroid
	singular	plural
nominative	vero	verod
accusative	veron	verod
genitive	veron	veroiden
partitive	verod	veroid
essive-instructive	veron	veroin
translative	veroks	veroikš
inessive	veros	veroiš
elative	verospäi	veroišpäi
illative	veroho	veroihe
adessive	verol	veroil
ablative	verolpäi	veroilpäi
allative	verole	veroile
abessive	verota	veroita
comitative	veronke	veroidenke
prolative	verodme	veroidme
approximative I	veronno	veroidenno
approximative II	veronnoks	veroidennoks
egressive	veronnopäi	veroidennopäi
terminative I	verohosai	veroihesai
terminative II	verolesai	veroilesai
terminative III	verossai	—
additive I	verohopäi	veroihepäi
additive II	verolepäi	veroilepäi

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “обычай, поверье, традиция, церемония”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[5], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Volapük

Adverb

vero

1. truly