Chanyu
Chanyu (Hanzi: 單于; Hanzi: 单于; Pinyin: Chányú; singkatan dari Chengli Gutu Chanyu (Hanzi: 撐犁孤塗單于; Pinyin: Chēnglí Gūtu Chányú)) adalah gelar yang dipakai oleh penguasa konfederasi suku nomaden Xiongnu, khususnya oleh klan Luandi pada masa Dinasti Qin (221-206 SM) dan Han (206 SM–220 M).
Daftar Chanyu Xiongnu
[sunting | sunting sumber]| Nama Tionghoa | Pinyin / Wade-Giles | Guangyun | Nama pribadi | Berkuasa | Catatan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Touman (頭曼單于/头曼单于) | Tóumàn / t'ou-man | 240–209 SM | |||
| Modu Chanyu (冒頓單于/冒顿单于) | mòdú / mou-tun | Luandi Modu (攣鞮冒頓 / 挛鞮冒顿) | 209–174 SM | atau Batur (Baγatur) [1] | |
| Laoshang Chanyu (老上單于/老上单于) | lǎoshàng / lao-shang | 174–161 SM | |||
| Junchen Chanyu (軍臣單于/军臣单于) | jūnchén / chün-ch'en | 161–126 SM | |||
| Yizhixie Chanyu (伊稚斜單于/伊稚斜单于) | yīzhìxié / i-chih-hsieh | 126–114 SM | |||
| Wuwei Chanyu (烏維/乌维) | 114–105 SM | ||||
| Er Chanyu (兒單于/儿单于) | Wushilu (烏師廬/乌师庐) | 105–102/101 SM | "Err Chanyu" (di bawah umur) [2] | ||
| Xulihu Chanyu (呴犛湖/呴犁湖) | 102/101–101/100 SM | ||||
| Qiedihou (且鞮侯) | 101/100–96 SM | atau Quidi, Chedihou | |||
| Hulugu Chanyu (狐鹿姑單于/狐鹿姑单于) | húlùgū / hu-lu-ku | 96–85 SM | |||
| Huyandi Chanyu (壺衍鞮單于/壺衍鞮单于) | húyǎndī / hu-yen-ti | 85–68 SM | |||
| Xulüquanqu Chanyu (虛閭權渠單于/虚闾权渠单于) | xūlǘquánqú / hsü-lü-ch'üan-ch'ü | 68–60 SM | |||
| Woyanqudi Chanyu (握衍朐鞮單于/握衍朐鞮单于) | wòyǎnqúdī / wo-lu-ch'ü-ti | Tuqitang (屠耆堂/ 屠耆堂) | 60–58 SM | ||
| Huhanye Chanyu (呼韓邪單于/呼韩邪单于) | hūhánxié / hu-han-hsieh | Jihoushan [3] ( 稽侯狦) | 58 – 31 SM Tuqi 屠耆單于, 58–56 SM Hujie 呼揭單于, 57 SM Juli 車犂單于, 57–56 SM Wuji 烏籍單于, 57 SM Runzhen 閏振單于, 56–54 SM Zhizhi Chanyu 郅支單于, 55 – 36 SM Yilimu 伊利目單于, 49 SM | ||
| Fuzhulei Ruoti Chanyu [4] (復株纍若鞮單于/复株累若鞮单于) | fùzhūléiruòdī/fu-chu-lei-je-ti | Diaotaomogao (彫陶莫皋/雕陶莫皋)[5] | 31–20 SM | ||
| Souxie Chanyu [6] (搜諧若鞮單于/搜谐若鞮单于) | Jumixu [7] (且麋胥) | 20–12 SM | Gelar Jodi-Chanyu | ||
| Juya Chanyu [8] (車牙若鞮單于/车牙若鞮单于) | Jumoju [9] (且莫車/挛鞮且莫车) | 12–8 SM | Gelar Jodi-Chanyu | ||
| Wuzhuliu Chanyu [10] (烏珠留若鞮單于/乌珠留若鞮单于) | Nangzhiyasi/Zhi [11] (囊知牙斯) | 8 SM – 13 M | Gelar Jodi-Chanyu | ||
| Wulei Chanyu[12] (烏累若鞮單于/乌累若鞮单于) | Xian (鹹/挛鞮咸) | 13–18 M | Gelar Jodi-Chanyu | ||
| Huduershidaogao Chanyu [13] (呼都而尸道皋若鞮單于/呼都而尸道皋若鞮单于) | Yu (輿/挛鞮舆) | 18–46 M | |||
| Wudadihou (烏達鞮侯/乌达鞮侯) [14] | Wudadi | 46 M | |||
Xiongnu Utara (北匈奴)
[sunting | sunting sumber]| Nama | Berkuasa | Catatan | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Punu Chanyu (蒲奴) | 46–? M | |||
| Youliu [15] (優留) | ?–87 M | |||
| Chanyu Utara (北單于) | 88–? M | |||
| Yuchujian [16] (於除鞬單于) | 91–93 M | |||
| Feng-hou (逢侯) | 94–118 M | |||
Xiongnu Selatan (南匈奴)
[sunting | sunting sumber]| Nama | Nama pribadi | Berkuasa | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sutuhu/Bi (蘇屠胡/比) Huhanxie yang Kedua (呼韓邪第二) Xiluo Shizhu Ti (醯落尸逐鞮) | 48–56/55 M | |||
| Qiufu Youti/Mo (丘浮尤提) | 55/56–56/57 M | |||
| Yifa Yulüti/Han (伊伐於慮提) | ??? | 56/57–59 M | ||
| Xitong Shizhu Houti/Shi (醯僮尸逐侯提) | 59–63 M | |||
| Qiuchu Julinti/Su 丘除車林提 | 63 M | |||
| Huxie Shizhu Houti/Chang (湖邪尸逐侯提) | 63–85 M | |||
| Yitu Yulüti/Xuan (伊屠於閭提/宣) | 85–88 M | |||
| Tuntuhe [17] Shulan [18] Xiulan Shizhu Houti (休蘭尸逐侯提) | 88–93 M | |||
| Anguo [19](安國) | 93–94 M | |||
| Shizi [20](師子) Tingdu Shizhu Houti (亭獨尸逐侯提) | 94–98 M | |||
| Wanshishizhudi/Tan (萬氏尸逐侯提/檀) | 98-124M 98–118 M | |||
| Wujihoushizhudi/Ba (烏稽尸逐侯提/拔) | 124–127/128 M | |||
| Xiuli (休利) Qute Ruoshi Zhujiu (去特若尸逐就)[21] | 127/128–140/142? | |||
| Cheniu [22] | 140–143 M | |||
| Toulouchu (兜樓儲) [23] Hulan Ruoshi Zhujiu(呼蘭若尸逐就) | 143–147 M | |||
| Jucheer (居車兒)[24] Yiling Ruoshi Zhujiu (伊陵若尸逐就) | 147–158 M (d. 172 M) | |||
| Tute Ruoshi Zhujiu (屠特若尸逐就)[25] | 158–178 M | |||
| Huzheng [26] (呼徵) | 178–179 M | |||
| Qiangqu (羌渠) | atau Qiangquy, Qiangqu,[27] | 179–188 M | ||
| Yufuluo (於扶羅) | 188–195 M | |||
| Huchuquan (呼廚泉) | 195–? | |||
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ↑ Hirth F. Sinologische Beitrage zur Geschichte der Turk-Volker. Die Ahnentafel Attila's nach Johannes von Thurocz. Bull. Imhlm. AcM, series V, vol. XIII, 1900, No 2, hlm. 221–261.
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 46
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 59
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 86
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 86
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 86
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 86
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 87
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 87
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 87
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, "Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire", Australian National University Faculty of Asian Studies Monographs, New Series No.4, Canberra 1984, "Archived copy". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2011-01-01. Diakses tanggal 2010-12-17. Pemeliharaan CS1: Salinan terarsip sebagai judul (link)
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", vol. 1, Sankt Petersburg, 1851, hlm. 105–107
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 108–109
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, "Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire", 1984
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, "Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire", 1984
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, "Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire", 1984
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, "Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire", 1984
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 130–134
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, "Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire", 1984
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, "Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire", 1984
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, "Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire", 1984
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, "Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire", 1984
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 144
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire, 1984
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times, 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 145 (True name unknown; the Chinese moniker has negative connotation; confirmed by Chinese Court as Chanyu in 172 M)
- ↑ Bichurin N.Ya., Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times, 1851, vol. 1, hlm. 145
- ↑ R. de Crespigny, Northern Frontier: the policies and strategy of the Later Han empire, 1984
