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. 2021 Feb 2:1013:1-665.
doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600. eCollection 2021.

Minimalist revision and description of 403 new species in 11 subfamilies of Costa Rican braconid parasitoid wasps, including host records for 219 species

Michael J Sharkey  1 , Daniel H Janzen  2 , Winnie Hallwachs  2 , Eric G Chapman  3 , M Alex Smith  4 , Tanya Dapkey  5 , Allison Brown  5 , Sujeevan Ratnasingham  5 , Suresh Naik  5 , Ramya Manjunath  5 , Kate Perez  5 , Megan Milton  5 , Paul Hebert  5 , Scott R Shaw  6 , Rebecca N Kittel  7 , M Alma Solis  8 , Mark A Metz  8 , Paul Z Goldstein  8 , John W Brown  9 , Donald L J Quicke  10 , C van Achterberg  11 , Brian V Brown  12 , John M Burns  9
Affiliations

Minimalist revision and description of 403 new species in 11 subfamilies of Costa Rican braconid parasitoid wasps, including host records for 219 species

Michael J Sharkey et al. Zookeys. .

Abstract

Three new genera are described: Michener (Proteropinae), Bioalfa (Rogadinae), and Hermosomastax (Rogadinae). Keys are given for the New World genera of the following braconid subfamilies: Agathidinae, Braconinae, Cheloninae, Homolobinae, Hormiinae, Ichneutinae, Macrocentrinae, Orgilinae, Proteropinae, Rhysipolinae, and Rogadinae. In these subfamilies 416 species are described or redescribed. Most of the species have been reared and all but 13 are new to science. A consensus sequence of the COI barcodes possessed by each species is employed to diagnose the species, and this approach is justified in the introduction. Most descriptions consist of a lateral or dorsal image of the holotype, a diagnostic COI consensus barcode, the Barcode Index Number (BIN) code with a link to the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD), and the holotype specimen information required by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. The following species are treated and those lacking authorship are newly described here with authorship attributable to Sharkey except for the new species of Macrocentrinae which are by Sharkey & van Achterberg: AGATHIDINAE: Aerophiluspaulmarshi, Mesocoelusdavidsmithi, Neothlipsisbobkulai, Plesiocoelusvanachterbergi, Pneumagathiserythrogastra (Cameron, 1905), Therophilusbobwhartoni, T.donaldquickei, T.gracewoodae, T.maetoi, T.montywoodi, T.penteadodiasae, Zacremnopsbrianbrowni, Z.coatlicue Sharkey, 1990, Zacremnopscressoni (Cameron, 1887), Z.ekchuah Sharkey, 1990, Z.josefernandezi, Zelomorphasarahmeierottoae. BRACONINAE: Braconalejandromarini, B.alejandromasisi, B.alexamasisae, B.andresmarini, B.andrewwalshi, B.anniapicadoae, B.anniemoriceae, B.barryhammeli, B.bernardoespinozai, B.carlossanabriai, B.chanchini, B.christophervallei, B.erasmocoronadoi, B.eugeniephillipsae, B.federicomatarritai, B.frankjoycei, B.gerardovegai, B.germanvegai, B.isidrochaconi, B.jimlewisi, B.josejaramilloi, B.juanjoseoviedoi, B.juliodiazi, B.luzmariaromeroae, B.manuelzumbadoi, B.marialuisariasae, B.mariamartachavarriae, B.mariorivasi, B.melissaespinozae, B.nelsonzamorai, B.nicklaphami, B.ninamasisae, B.oliverwalshi, B.paulamarinae, B.rafamoralesi, B.robertofernandezi, B.rogerblancoi, B.ronaldzunigai, B.sigifredomarini, B.tihisiaboshartae, B.wilberthbrizuelai, Digonogastramontylloydi, D.montywoodi, D.motohasegawai, D.natwheelwrighti, D.nickgrishini. CHELONINAE: Adeliusadrianguadamuzi, A.gauldi Shimbori & Shaw, 2019, A.janzeni Shimbori & Shaw, 2019, Ascogastergloriasihezarae, A.grettelvegae, A.guillermopereirai, A.gustavoecheverrii, A.katyvandusenae, A.luisdiegogomezi, Chelonusalejandrozaldivari, C.gustavogutierrezi, C.gustavoinduni, C.harryramirezi, C.hartmanguidoi, C.hazelcambroneroae, C.iangauldi, C.isidrochaconi, C.janecheverriae, C.jeffmilleri, C.jennyphillipsae, C.jeremydewaardi, C.jessiehillae, C.jesusugaldei, C.jimlewisi, C.jimmilleri, C.jimwhitfieldi, C.johanvalerioi, C.johnburnsi, C.johnnoyesi, C.jorgebaltodanoi, C.jorgehernandezi, C.josealfredohernandezi, C.josefernandeztrianai, C.josehernandezcortesi, C.josemanuelperezi, C.josephinerodriguezae, C.juanmatai, C.junkoshimurae, C.kateperezae, C.luciariosae, C.luzmariaromeroae, C.manuelpereirai, C.manuelzumbadoi, C.marianopereirai, C.maribellealvarezae, C.markmetzi, C.markshawi, C.martajimenezae, C.mayrabonillae, C.meganmiltonae, C.melaniamunozae, C.michaelstroudi, C.michellevanderbankae, C.mingfangi, C.minorcarmonai, C.monikaspringerae, C.moniquegilbertae, C.motohasegawai, C.nataliaivanovae, C.nelsonzamorai, C.normwoodleyi, C.osvaldoespinozai, C.pamelacastilloae, C.paulgoldsteini, C.paulhansoni, C.paulheberti, C.petronariosae, C.ramyamanjunathae, C.randallgarciai, C.rebeccakittelae, C.robertoespinozai, C.robertofernandezi, C.rocioecheverriae, C.rodrigogamezi, C.ronaldzunigai, C.rosibelelizondoae, C.rostermoragai, C.ruthfrancoae, C.scottmilleri, C.scottshawi, C.sergioriosi, C.sigifredomarini, C.stevearonsoni, C.stevestroudi, C.sujeevanratnasinghami, C.sureshnaiki, C.torbjornekremi, C.yeimycedenoae, Leptodrepanaalexisae, L.erasmocoronadoi, L.felipechavarriai, L.freddyquesadai, L.gilbertfuentesi, L.manuelriosi, Phanerotomaalmasolisae, P.alvaroherrerai, P.anacordobae, P.anamariamongeae, P.andydeansi, P.angelagonzalezae, P.angelsolisi, P.barryhammeli, P.bernardoespinozai, P.calixtomoragai, P.carolinacanoae, P.christerhanssoni, P.christhompsoni, P.davesmithi, P.davidduthiei, P.dirksteinkei, P.donquickei, P.duniagarciae, P.duvalierbricenoi, P.eddysanchezi, P.eldarayae, P.eliethcantillanoae, P.jenopappi, Pseudophanerotomaalanflemingi, Ps.albanjimenezi, Ps.alejandromarini, Ps.alexsmithi, Ps.allisonbrownae, Ps.bobrobbinsi. HOMOLOBINAE: Exasticolusjennyphillipsae, E.randallgarciai, E.robertofernandezi, E.sigifredomarini, E.tomlewinsoni. HORMIINAE: Hormiusanamariamongeae, H.angelsolisi, H.anniapicadoae, H.arthurchapmani, H.barryhammeli, H.carmenretanae, H.carloswalkeri, H.cesarsuarezi, H.danbrooksi, H.eddysanchezi, H.erikframstadi, H.georgedavisi, H.grettelvegae, H.gustavoinduni, H.hartmanguidoi, H.hectoraritai, H.hesiquiobenitezi, H.irenecanasae, H.isidrochaconi, H.jaygallegosi, H.jimbeachi, H.jimlewisi, H.joelcracrafti, H.johanvalerioi, H.johnburleyi, H.joncoddingtoni, H.jorgecarvajali, H.juanmatai, H.manuelzumbadoi, H.mercedesfosterae, H.modonnellyae, H.nelsonzamorai, H.pamelacastilloae, H.raycypessi, H.ritacolwellae, H.robcolwelli, H.rogerblancosegurai, H.ronaldzunigai, H.russchapmani, H.virginiaferrisae, H.warrenbrighami, H.willsflowersi. ICHNEUTINAE: Oligoneuruskriskrishtalkai, O.jorgejimenezi, Paroligoneuruselainehoaglandae, P.julianhumphriesi, P.mikeiviei. MACROCENTRINAE: Austrozelejorgecampabadali, A.jorgesoberoni, Dolichozelegravitarsis (Muesebeck, 1938), D.josefernandeztrianai, D.josephinerodriguezae, Hymenochaoniakalevikulli, H.kateperezae, H.katherinebaillieae, H.katherineellisonae, H.katyvandusenae, H.kazumifukunagae, H.keithlangdoni, H.keithwillmotti, H.kenjinishidai, H.kimberleysheldonae, H.krisnorvigae, H.lilianamadrigalae, H.lizlangleyae, Macrocentrusfredsingeri, M.geoffbarnardi, M.gregburtoni, M.gretchendailyae, M.grettelvegae, M.gustavogutierrezi, M.hannahjamesae, M.harisridhari, M.hillaryrosnerae, M.hiroshikidonoi, M.iangauldi, M.jennyphillipsae, M.jesseausubeli, M.jessemaysharkae, M.jimwhitfieldi, M.johnbrowni, M.johnburnsi, M.jonathanfranzeni, M.jonathanrosenbergi, M.jorgebaltodanoi, M.lucianocapelli. ORGILINAE: Orgilusamyrossmanae, O.carrolyoonae, O.christhompsoni, O.christinemcmahonae, O.dianalipscombae, O.ebbenielsoni, O.elizabethpennisiae, O.evertlindquisti, O.genestoermeri, O.jamesriegeri, O.jeanmillerae, O.jeffmilleri, O.jerrypowelli, O.jimtiedjei, O.johnlundbergi, O.johnpipolyi, O.jorgellorentei, O.larryspearsi, O.marlinricei, O.mellissaespinozae, O.mikesmithi, O.normplatnicki, O.peterrauchi, O.richardprimacki, O.sandraberriosae, O.sarahmirandae, O.scottmilleri, O.scottmorii, Stantoniabillalleni, S.brookejarvisae, S.donwilsoni, S.erikabjorstromae, S.garywolfi, S.henrikekmani, S.luismirandai, S.miriamzunzae, S.quentinwheeleri, S.robinkazmierae, S.ruthtifferae. PROTEROPINAE: Hebichneutestricolor Sharkey & Wharton, 1994, Proteropsiangauldi, P.vickifunkae, Michenercharlesi. RHYSIPOLINAE: Pseudorhysipolisluisfonsecai, P. mailyngonzalezaeRhysipolisjulioquirosi. ROGADINAE: Aleiodesadrianaradulovae, A.adrianforsythi, A.agnespeelleae, A.alaneaglei, A.alanflemingi, A.alanhalevii, A.alejandromasisi, A.alessandracallejae, A.alexsmithi, A.alfonsopescadori, A.alisundermieri, A.almasolisae, A.alvarougaldei, A.alvaroumanai, A.angelsolisi, A.annhowdenae, A.bobandersoni, A.carolinagodoyae, A.charlieobrieni, A.davefurthi, A.donwhiteheadi, A.doylemckeyi, A.frankhovorei, A.henryhowdeni, A.inga Shimbori & Shaw, 2020, A.johnchemsaki, A.johnkingsolveri, A.gonodontovorus Shimbori & Shaw, 2020, A.manuelzumbadoi, A.mayrabonillae, A.michelledsouzae, A.mikeiviei, A.normwoodleyi, A.pammitchellae, A.pauljohnsoni, A.rosewarnerae, A.steveashei, A.terryerwini, A.willsflowersi, Bioalfapedroleoni, B.alvarougaldei, B.rodrigogamezi, Choreborogasandydeansi, C.eladiocastroi, C.felipechavarriai, C.frankjoycei, Clinocentrusandywarreni, Cl.angelsolisi, Cystomastaxalexhausmanni, Cy.angelagonzalezae, Cy.ayaigarashiae, Hermosomastaxclavifemorus Quicke sp. nov., Heterogamusdonstonei, Pseudoyeliconesbernsweeneyi, Stiropiusbencrairi, S.berndkerni, S.edgargutierrezi, S.edwilsoni, S.ehakernae, Triraphisbillfreelandi, T.billmclarneyi, T.billripplei, T.bobandersoni, T.bobrobbinsi, T.bradzlotnicki, T.brianbrowni, T.brianlaueri, T.briannestjacquesae, T.camilocamargoi, T.carlosherrerai, T.carolinepalmerae, T.charlesmorrisi, T.chigiybinellae, T.christerhanssoni, T.christhompsoni, T.conniebarlowae, T.craigsimonsi, T.defectus Valerio, 2015, T.danielhubi, T.davidduthiei, T.davidwahli, T.federicomatarritai, T.ferrisjabri, T.mariobozai, T.martindohrni, T.matssegnestami, T.mehrdadhajibabaei, T.ollieflinti, T.tildalauerae, Yeliconesdirksteinkei, Y.markmetzi, Y.monserrathvargasae, Y.tricolor Quicke, 1996. Y.woldai Quicke, 1996. The following new combinations are proposed: Neothlipsissmithi (Ashmead), new combination for Microdussmithi Ashmead, 1894; Neothlipsispygmaeus (Enderlein), new combination for Microduspygmaeus Enderlein, 1920; Neothlipsisunicinctus (Ashmead), new combination for Microdusunicinctus Ashmead, 1894; Therophilusanomalus (Bortoni and Penteado-Dias) new combination for Plesiocoelusanomalus Bortoni and Penteado-Dias, 2015; Aerophilusareolatus (Bortoni and Penteado-Dias) new combination for Plesiocoelusareolatus Bortoni and Penteado-Dias, 2015; Pneumagathiserythrogastra (Cameron) new combination for Agathiserythrogastra Cameron, 1905. Dolichozelecitreitarsis (Enderlein), new combination for Paniscozelecitreitarsis Enderlein, 1920. Dolichozelefuscivertex (Enderlein) new combination for Paniscozelefuscivertex Enderlein, 1920. Finally, Bassusbrooksi Sharkey, 1998 is synonymized with Agathiserythrogastra Cameron, 1905; Paniscozelegriseipes Enderlein, 1920 is synonymized with Dolichozelekoebelei Viereck, 1911; Paniscozelecarinifrons Enderlein, 1920 is synonymized with Dolichozelefuscivertex (Enderlein, 1920); and Paniscozelenigricauda Enderlein,1920 is synonymized with Dolichozelequaestor (Fabricius, 1804). (originally described as Ophionquaestor Fabricius, 1804).

Keywords: Agathidinae; Braconidae; Braconinae; Cheloninae; Homolobinae; Hormiinae; Hymenoptera; Ichneumonoidea; Ichneutinae; Lepidoptera; Macrocentrinae; Proteropinae; Rhysipolinae; Rogadinae; Accelerated taxonomy; BIN code; BioAlfa; COI barcode; DNA barcode; caterpillar; conservation; parasitoid host associations; tri-trophic interaction; tropical.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Alabagrusgenemonroei, holotype.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Alabagrusscottshawi, holotype.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Description rate of Ichneumonoidea species. Data from Taxapad (Yu et al. 2016) (modified from Meierotto et al. 2019a).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Home page of the Janzen-Hallwachs database.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Specimen page on the Janzen-Hallwachs database for voucher DHJPAR0029134, Chelonusmichellevanderbankae.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Anacrucisnephrodes (Tortricidae) last instar caterpillar parasitized by Chelonusmichellevanderbankae, specimen DHJPAR0029134. Note white wasp larvae in the abdomen, visible through the translucent cuticle. The caterpillar has been exposed for the photograph by opening its leaf and silk nest, littered with its own fecal pellets.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Adults of caterpillar species attacked by Chelonusmichellevanderbankae.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Data for Aleiodesadrianaradulovae specimen BIOUG28804-F01A image of specimen BIOUG28804-F01as it appears on BOLDB distribution map on BOLD (which can be enlarged for more detailed locality) CBIN code and other data on BOLDD image of specimen BIOUG28804-F01 as it appears in this publication, image taken after point-mounting. Note its interim species epithet in BOLD, which was updated to the “real” code-compliant species epithet adrianaradulovae when the name was made public, i.e., this publication.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Partial contents of BOLD:AAG1413.
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
Partial contents of BOLD:AAG1413.
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
NJ tree of BINBOLD:AAG1413.
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
List of specimens in BINBOLD:AAG1413.
Figure 13.
Figure 13.
Aerophiluspaulmarshi, holotype.
Figure 14.
Figure 14.
Mesocoelusdavidsmithi, holotype.
Figure 15.
Figure 15.
Neothlipsisbobkulai, holotype.
Figure 16.
Figure 16.
Plesiocoelusvanachterbergi, holotype.
Figure 17.
Figure 17.
Pneumagathiserythrogastra.
Figure 18.
Figure 18.
Therophiluspenteadodiasae, holotype.
Figure 19.
Figure 19.
Therophilusbobwhartoni, holotype.
Figure 20.
Figure 20.
Therophilusdonaldquickei, holotype.
Figure 21.
Figure 21.
Therophilusgracewoodae, holotype.
Figure 22.
Figure 22.
Therophilusmaetoi, holotype.
Figure 23.
Figure 23.
Therophilusmontywoodi, holotype.
Figure 24.
Figure 24.
Zacremnopsbrianbrowni, holotype.
Figure 25.
Figure 25.
Zacremnopscoatlicue.
Figure 26.
Figure 26.
Zacremnopscressoni.
Figure 27.
Figure 27.
Zacremnopsekchuah.
Figure 28.
Figure 28.
Zamicrodusjosefernandezi, holotype.
Figure 29.
Figure 29.
Zelomorphasarahmeierottoae, holotype.
Figure 30.
Figure 30.
Braconalejandromarini, holotype.
Figure 31.
Figure 31.
Braconalejandromasisi, holotype.
Figure 32.
Figure 32.
Braconalejandromasisi 09-SRNP-20369, dark brown cocoons filling the ultimate instar caterpillar nest of Consulfabius (Nymphalidae), with black exit holes cut by the adult wasps.
Figure 33.
Figure 33.
Braconalexamasisae, holotype.
Figure 34.
Figure 34.
Braconandresmarini, holotype.
Figure 35.
Figure 35.
Braconandrewwalshi, holotype.
Figure 36.
Figure 36.
Braconanniapicadoae, holotype.
Figure 37.
Figure 37.
Braconanniemoriceae, holotype.
Figure 38.
Figure 38.
Braconbarryhammeli, holotype.
Figure 39.
Figure 39.
Braconbernardoespinozai, holotype.
Figure 40.
Figure 40.
Braconcarlossanabriai, holotype.
Figure 41.
Figure 41.
Braconchanchini, holotype.
Figure 42.
Figure 42.
Braconchristophervallei, holotype.
Figure 43.
Figure 43.
Braconerasmocoronadoi, holotype.
Figure 44.
Figure 44.
Braconeugeniephillipsae, holotype.
Figure 45.
Figure 45.
Braconfedericomatarritai, holotype.
Figure 46.
Figure 46.
Braconfrankjoycei, holotype.
Figure 47.
Figure 47.
Bracongerardovegai, holotype.
Figure 48.
Figure 48.
Bracongermanvegai, holotype.
Figure 49.
Figure 49.
Braconisidrochaconi, holotype.
Figure 50.
Figure 50.
Braconjimlewisi, holotype.
Figure 51.
Figure 51.
Braconjosejaramilloi, holotype.
Figure 52.
Figure 52.
Braconjosejaramilloi (12-SRNP-30473) ultimate instar wasp larvae below their host ultimate instar caterpillar Leremaliris (Hesperiidae); as a group they will spin a roof-in-common followed by their individual closely packed cocoons below that roof, adjacent to the cadaver of the caterpillar.
Figure 53.
Figure 53.
Braconjuanjoseoviedoi, holotype.
Figure 54.
Figure 54.
Braconjuliodiazi, holotype.
Figure 55.
Figure 55.
Braconluzmariaromeroae, holotype.
Figure 56.
Figure 56.
Braconmanuelzumbadoi, holotype.
Figure 57.
Figure 57.
Braconmarialuisariasae, holotype.
Figure 58.
Figure 58.
Braconmariamartachavarriae, holotype.
Figure 59.
Figure 59.
Braconmariorivasi, holotype.
Figure 60.
Figure 60.
Braconmelissaespinozae, holotype.
Figure 61.
Figure 61.
Braconnelsonzamorai, holotype.
Figure 62.
Figure 62.
Braconnicklaphami, holotype.
Figure 63.
Figure 63.
Braconninamasisae, holotype.
Figure 64.
Figure 64.
Braconoliverwalshi, holotype.
Figure 65.
Figure 65.
Braconpaulamarinae, holotype.
Figure 66.
Figure 66.
Bracnrafamoralesi, holotype.
Figure 67.
Figure 67.
Braconrobertofernandezi, holotype.
Figure 68.
Figure 68.
Braconrogerblancoi, holotype.
Figure 69.
Figure 69.
Braconrogerblancoi (DHJPAR0029037) mass of white cocoons spun by the wasp larvae below their roof-in-common and end-to-end cocoons adjacent to the ultimate instar of a Morys lydeDHJ01 (Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) caterpillar cadaver in its rolled grass leaf nest (06-SRNP-43580); prepupal larvae exposed by tearing away one wall of the leaf-silk caterpillar nest.
Figure 70.
Figure 70.
Braconronaldzunigai, holotype.
Figure 71.
Figure 71.
Braconsigifredomarini, holotype.
Figure 72.
Figure 72.
Bracontihisiaboshartae, holotype.
Figure 73.
Figure 73.
Bracontihisiaboshartae (09-SRNP-56390-DHJ474143.jpg) white-golden cocoons piled together in two masses on the leaf, rather than filling the nest cavity as the case with Braconalejandromasisi; wasp exit hole is in the mass on the left.
Figure 74.
Figure 74.
Braconwilberthbrizuelai, holotype.
Figure 75.
Figure 75.
Digonogastramontylloydi, holotype.
Figure 76.
Figure 76.
Digonogastramontywoodi, holotype.
Figure 77.
Figure 77.
Digonogastramotohasegawai, holotype.
Figure 78.
Figure 78.
Digonogastranatwheelwrighti, holotype.
Figure 79.
Figure 79.
Digonogastranatwheelwrighti, holotype.
Figure 80.
Figure 80.
Cocoon of Chelonusrodrigogamezi (DHJPAR0050074).
Figure 81.
Figure 81.
Cocoons of Chelonusmotohasegawai in the remains of the host caterpillar pupal chamber spun between sides of a plastic rearing bag (DHJPAR0042920).
Figure 82.
Figure 82.
Multiple white larvae of Chelonusmichellevanderbankae (DHJPAR0029134) inside its translucent host caterpillar (05-SRNP-30968).
Figure 83.
Figure 83.
Cocoons of Chelonusmichellevanderbankae, (DHJPAR0039447); all larvae emerged from a single caterpillar (see Fig. 82).
Figure 84.
Figure 84.
Prepupae of Chelonusnataliaivanovae (DHJPAR0035559) inside the pupal chamber of a single caterpillar of its host (Anacrusisturrialbae 09-SRNP-44104) after the leaf ceiling was lifted off. The head and thorax capsule of the caterpillar are inside the ring of prepupae in the cocoons that they have spun; a yellow meconial pellet is at the posterior end of each cocoon.
Figure 85.
Figure 85.
Adeliusadrianguadamuzi, holotype ABOLD image B mounted image.
Figure 86.
Figure 86.
Ascogastergloriasihezarae, holotype.
Figure 87.
Figure 87.
Ascogastergrettelvegae, holotype.
Figure 88.
Figure 88.
Ascogasterguillermopereirai, holotype.
Figure 89.
Figure 89.
Ascogastergustavoecheverrii, holotype.
Figure 90.
Figure 90.
Ascogasterkatyvandusenae, holotype.
Figure 91.
Figure 91.
Ascogasterluisdiegogomezi, holotype.
Figure 92.
Figure 92.
Chelonusalejandrozaldivari, holotype.
Figure 93.
Figure 93.
Chelonusgustavogutierrezi, holotype.
Figure 94.
Figure 94.
Chelonusgustavoinduni, holotype.
Figure 95.
Figure 95.
Chelonusharryramirezi, holotype.
Figure 96.
Figure 96.
Chelonushartmanguidoi, holotype.
Figure 97.
Figure 97.
Chelonushazelcambroneroae, holotype.
Figure 98.
Figure 98.
Chelonusiangauldi, holotype.
Figure 99.
Figure 99.
Chelonusisidrochaconi, holotype.
Figure 100.
Figure 100.
Chelonusjanecheverriae, holotype.
Figure 101.
Figure 101.
Chelonusjeffmilleri, holotype.
Figure 102.
Figure 102.
Chelonusjennyphillipsae, holotype.
Figure 103.
Figure 103.
Chelonusjeremydewaardi, holotype.
Figure 104.
Figure 104.
Chelonusjessiehillae, holotype.
Figure 105.
Figure 105.
Chelonusjesusugaldei, holotype.
Figure 106.
Figure 106.
Chelonusjimlewisi, holotype.
Figure 107.
Figure 107.
Chelonusjimmilleri, holotype.
Figure 108.
Figure 108.
Chelonusjimwhitfieldi, holotype.
Figure 109.
Figure 109.
Chelonusjohanvalerioi, holotype.
Figure 110.
Figure 110.
Chelonusjohnburnsi, holotype.
Figure 111.
Figure 111.
Chelonusjohnnoyesi, holotype.
Figure 112.
Figure 112.
Chelonusjorgebaltodanoi, holotype.
Figure 113.
Figure 113.
Chelonusjorgehernandezi, holotype.
Figure 114.
Figure 114.
Chelonusjosealfredohernandezi, holotype.
Figure 115.
Figure 115.
Chelonusjosefernandeztrianai, holotype.
Figure 116.
Figure 116.
Chelonusjosehernandezcortesi, holotype.
Figure 117.
Figure 117.
Chelonusjosemanuelperezi, holotype.
Figure 118.
Figure 118.
Chelonusjosephinerodriguezae, holotype.
Figure 119.
Figure 119.
Chelonusjuanmatai, holotype.
Figure 120.
Figure 120.
Chelonusjunkoshimurae, holotype.
Figure 121.
Figure 121.
Chelonuskateperezae, holotype.
Figure 122.
Figure 122.
Chelonusluciariosae, holotype.
Figure 123.
Figure 123.
Chelonusluzmariaromeroae, holotype.
Figure 124.
Figure 124.
Chelonusmanuelpereirai, holotype.
Figure 125.
Figure 125.
Chelonusmanuelzumbadoi, holotype.
Figure 126.
Figure 126.
Chelonusmarianopereirai, holotype.
Figure 127.
Figure 127.
Chelonusmaribellealvarezae, holotype.
Figure 128.
Figure 128.
Chelonusmarkmetzi, holotype.
Figure 129.
Figure 129.
Chelonusmarkshawi, holotype.
Figure 130.
Figure 130.
Chelonusmartajimenezae, holotype.
Figure 131.
Figure 131.
Chelonusmayrabonillae, holotype.
Figure 132.
Figure 132.
Chelonusmeganmiltonae, holotype.
Figure 133.
Figure 133.
Chelonusmelaniamunozae, holotype.
Figure 134.
Figure 134.
Chelonusmichaelstroudi, holotype.
Figure 135.
Figure 135.
Chelonusmichellevanderbankae, holotype.
Figure 136.
Figure 136.
Chelonusmingfangi, holotype.
Figure 137.
Figure 137.
Chelonusminorcarmonai, holotype.
Figure 138.
Figure 138.
Chelonusmonikaspringerae, holotype.
Figure 139.
Figure 139.
Chelonusmoniquegilbertae, holotype.
Figure 140.
Figure 140.
Chelonusmotohasegawai, holotype.
Figure 141.
Figure 141.
Chelonusnataliaivanovae, holotype.
Figure 142.
Figure 142.
Chelonusnelsonzamorai, holotype.
Figure 143.
Figure 143.
Chelonusnormwoodleyi, holotype.
Figure 144.
Figure 144.
Chelonusosvaldoespinozai, holotype.
Figure 145.
Figure 145.
Chelonuspamelacastilloae, holotype.
Figure 146.
Figure 146.
Chelonuspaulgoldsteini, holotype.
Figure 147.
Figure 147.
Chelonuspaulhansoni, holotype.
Figure 148.
Figure 148.
Chelonuspaulheberti, holotype.
Figure 149.
Figure 149.
Chelonuspetronariosae, holotype.
Figure 150.
Figure 150.
Chelonusramyamanjunathae, holotype.
Figure 151.
Figure 151.
Chelonusrandallgarciai, holotype.
Figure 152.
Figure 152.
Chelonusrebeccakittelae, holotype.
Figure 153.
Figure 153.
Chelonusrobertoespinozai, holotype.
Figure 154.
Figure 154.
Chelonusrobertofernandezi, holotype.
Figure 155.
Figure 155.
Chelonusrocioecheverriae, holotype.
Figure 156.
Figure 156.
Chelonusrodrigogamezi, holotype.
Figure 157.
Figure 157.
Chelonusronaldzunigai, holotype.
Figure 158.
Figure 158.
Chelonusrosibelelizondoae, holotype.
Figure 159.
Figure 159.
Chelonusrostermoragai, holotype.
Figure 160.
Figure 160.
Chelonusruthfrancoae, holotype.
Figure 161.
Figure 161.
Chelonusscottmilleri, holotype.
Figure 162.
Figure 162.
Chelonusscottshawi, holotype.
Figure 163.
Figure 163.
Chelonussergioriosi, holotype.
Figure 164.
Figure 164.
Chelonussigifredomarini, holotype.
Figure 165.
Figure 165.
Chelonusstevearonsoni, holotype.
Figure 166.
Figure 166.
Chelonusstevestroudi, holotype.
Figure 167.
Figure 167.
Chelonussujeevanratnasinghami, holotype.
Figure 168.
Figure 168.
Chelonussureshnaiki, holotype.
Figure 169.
Figure 169.
Chelonustorbjornekremi, holotype.
Figure 170.
Figure 170.
Chelonusyeimycedenoae, holotype.
Figure 172.
Figure 172.
Leptodrepanaerasmocoronadoi, holotype A image on BOLDB mounted image, head missing.
Figure 171.
Figure 171.
Leptodrepanaalexisae.
Figure 173.
Figure 173.
Leptodrepanafelipechavarriai, holotype.
Figure 174.
Figure 174.
Leptodrepanafreddyquesadai, holotype.
Figure 175.
Figure 175.
Leptodrepanagilbertfuentesi, holotype.
Figure 176.
Figure 176.
Leptodrepanamanuelriosi, holotype A image on BOLDB mounted image.
Figure 177.
Figure 177.
Phanerotomaalmasolisae, holotype.
Figure 178.
Figure 178.
Phanerotomaalvaroherrerai, holotype.
Figure 179.
Figure 179.
Phanerotomaanacordobae, holotype.
Figure 180.
Figure 180.
Phanerotomaanamariamongeae, holotype.
Figure 181.
Figure 181.
Phanerotomaandydeansi, holotype.
Figure 182.
Figure 182.
Phanerotomaangelagonzalezae, holotype.
Figure 183.
Figure 183.
Phanerotomaangelsolisi, holotype.
Figure 184.
Figure 184.
Phanerotomabarryhammeli, holotype.
Figure 185.
Figure 185.
Phanerotomabernardoespinozai, holotype.
Figure 186.
Figure 186.
Phanerotomacalixtomoragai, holotype.
Figure 187.
Figure 187.
Phanerotomacarolinacanoae, holotype.
Figure 188.
Figure 188.
Phanerotomachristerhanssoni, holotype.
Figure 189.
Figure 189.
Phanerotomachristhompsoni, holotype.
Figure 190.
Figure 190.
Phanerotomadavesmithi, holotype.
Figure 191.
Figure 191.
Phanerotomadavidduthiei, holotype.
Figure 192.
Figure 192.
Phanerotomadirksteinkei, holotype.
Figure 193.
Figure 193.
Phanerotomadonquickei, holotype.
Figure 194.
Figure 194.
Phanerotomaduniagarciae, holotype.
Figure 195.
Figure 195.
Phanerotomaduvalierbricenoi, holotype.
Figure 196.
Figure 196.
Phanerotomaeddysanchezi, holotype.
Figure 197.
Figure 197.
Phanerotomaeldarayae, holotype.
Figure 198.
Figure 198.
Phanerotomaeliethcantillanoae, holotype.
Figure 199.
Figure 199.
Phanerotomajenopappi, holotype.
Figure 200.
Figure 200.
Pseudophanerotomaalanflemingi, holotype.
Figure 201.
Figure 201.
Pseudophanerotomaalbanjimenezi, holotype.
Figure 202.
Figure 202.
Pseudophanerotomaalejandromarini, holotype.
Figure 203.
Figure 203.
Pseudophanerotomaalexsmithi, holotype.
Figure 204.
Figure 204.
Pseudophanerotomaallisonbrownae, holotype.
Figure 205.
Figure 205.
Pseudophanerotomabobrobbinsi, holotype.
Figure 206.
Figure 206.
Exasticolusjennyphillipsae, holotype.
Figure 207.
Figure 207.
Exasticolusjennyphillipsae, cocoon. A snow-white cocoon of Exasticolusjennyphillipsae was discovered in the silk and leaf pupal chamber of 08-SRNP-35960, a medium large Notodontidae caterpillar. However, without an associated adult moth, the identity of the host is unknown at present. As the cocoon ages, it turns golden brown in color, but long after the wasp has emerged through the circular hole cut by the wasp in the end of the cocoon.
Figure 208.
Figure 208.
Exasticolusrandallgarciai, holotype.
Figure 209.
Figure 209.
Exasticolusrobertofernandezi, holotype.
Figure 210.
Figure 210.
White cocoons of Exasticolusrobertofernandezi spun inside of the erebid arctiine moth cocoon (Lophocampamodesta), after exiting from the prepupal cadaver (08-SRNP-20003-DHJ462244.jpg).
Figure 211.
Figure 211.
Exasticolussigifredomarini, holotype.
Figure 212.
Figure 212.
Exasticolustomlewinsoni, holotype.
Figure 213.
Figure 213.
Hormiusanamariamongeae holotype.
Figure 214.
Figure 214.
Hormiusangelsolisi holotype.
Figure 215.
Figure 215.
Hormiusanniapicadoae holotype.
Figure 216.
Figure 216.
Five tightly packed elongate cocoons of Hormiusanniapicadoae (DHJPAR0040024).
Figure 217.
Figure 217.
Hormiusarthurchapmani, holotype.
Figure 218.
Figure 218.
Hormiusbarryhammeli holotype.
Figure 219.
Figure 219.
Multiple white cocoons (09-SRNP-23352-DHJ495931.jpg) of Hormiusbarryhammeli (DHJPAR0038037) glued to the silk spun on the leaf surface of the nest of the host caterpillar, Monoloxis flavicintalisDHJ04 (Pyralidae). The hole through the leaf on the left is the escape hole used by the caterpillar when disturbed.
Figure 220.
Figure 220.
Hormiuscarloswalkeri holotype.
Figure 221.
Figure 221.
Penultimate instar larvae of Hormiuscarloswalkeri (DHJPAR0049061) feeding on living last instar Tigasissimplex (Hesperiidae).
Figure 222.
Figure 222.
Two last instar larvae of Hormiuscarloswalkeri (DHJPAR0057466) feeding on last instar (living) caterpillar of Cynea Irma (Hesperiidae).
Figure 223.
Figure 223.
Cocoons of Hormiuscarloswalkeri (DHJPAR0029010) that fed on last instar caterpillar of Joannajoanna (Hesperiidae) in the caterpillar’s rolled grass leaf nest.
Figure 224.
Figure 224.
Hormiuscarmenretanae holotype.
Figure 225.
Figure 225.
Single cocoon of Hormiuscarmenretanae of wasp DHJPAR0042983 spun on leaf surface of nest of phyBioLep01 BioLep757.
Figure 226.
Figure 226.
Hormiuscesarsuarezi holotype.
Figure 227.
Figure 227.
Cocoons of Hormiuscesarsuarezi (DHJPAR0029013) glued to the wall of the leaf nest of the last instar caterpillar of Herpetogrammasalbialis (Crambidae).
Figure 228.
Figure 228.
Hormiusdanbrooksi, holotype.
Figure 229.
Figure 229.
Hormiuseddysanchezi holotype.
Figure 230.
Figure 230.
Last instar larvae of Hormiuseddysanchezi (DHJPAR0056927) a few hours after spinning their in-common over-layer of silk, now peeled back to show the larvae.
Figure 231.
Figure 231.
Cocoons of Hormiuseddysanchezi (DHJPAR0050031) spun side by side under a common layer of silk, glued to the leaf of the caterpillar nest.
Figure 232.
Figure 232.
Hormiuserikframstadi, holotype.
Figure 233.
Figure 233.
Hormiusgeorgedavisi, holotype.
Figure 234.
Figure 234.
Hormiusgrettelvegae holotype.
Figure 235.
Figure 235.
Hormiusgustavoinduni holotype.
Figure 236.
Figure 236.
Hormiushartmanguidoi holotype.
Figure 237.
Figure 237.
Mass of tightly clumped cocoons of Hormiushartmanguidoi (DHJPAR0050996) inside the lightly silked leaves of the cocoon of Dichomerus Janzen703.
Figure 238.
Figure 238.
Hormiushectoraritai, holotype.
Figure 239.
Figure 239.
Hormiushesiquiobenitezi, holotype.
Figure 240.
Figure 240.
Hormiusirenecanasae holotype.
Figure 241.
Figure 241.
Single cocoon of Hormiusirenecanasae of wasp DHJPAR0049383 glued to the leaf nest of its host caterpillar.
Figure 242.
Figure 242.
Hormiusisidrochaconi holotype.
Figure 243.
Figure 243.
Typical Hormius cocoons of Hormiusisidrochaconi, tightly adjacent and angled, sandwiched between two leaf surfaces in the caterpillar pupal chamber next to the caterpillar cadaver (09-SRNP-21577).
Figure 244.
Figure 244.
Hormiusjaygallegosi holotype.
Figure 245.
Figure 245.
Irregular mass of cocoons of Hormiusjaygallegosi (DHJPAR0062198) filling the rolled leaf nest of Clinodesopalalis.
Figure 246.
Figure 246.
Hormiusjimbeachi, holotype.
Figure 247.
Figure 247.
Hormiusjimlewisi holotype.
Figure 248.
Figure 248.
Two white scattered cocoons of Hormiusjimlewisi (DHJPAR0047155) glued to the leaf fragments of the larval nest.
Figure 249.
Figure 249.
Hormiusjoelcracrafti, holotype.
Figure 250.
Figure 250.
Hormiusjohanvalerioi, holotype.
Figure 251.
Figure 251.
Hormiusjohnburleyi, holotype.
Figure 252.
Figure 252.
Hormiusjoncoddingtoni, holotype.
Figure 253.
Figure 253.
Hormiusjorgecarvajali, holotype.
Figure 254.
Figure 254.
Single white cocoon of Hormiusjorgecarvajali (DHJPAR0038357), a variably gregarious species with clutches ranging from one to four parasitoid larvae per caterpillar.
Figure 255.
Figure 255.
Hormiusjuanmatai, holotype.
Figure 256.
Figure 256.
Two separated cocoons of Hormiusjuanmatai (DHJPAR0041552) that were tightly but irregularly clustered in the pupal chamber of the ultimate instar caterpillar.
Figure 257.
Figure 257.
Hormiusmanuelzumbadoi holotype.
Figure 258.
Figure 258.
Four white scattered cocoons of Hormiusmanuelzumbadoi (DHJPAR0049109) glued to the wall of the caterpillar rearing container.
Figure 259.
Figure 259.
Hormiusmercedesfosterae, holotype.
Figure 260.
Figure 260.
Hormiusmodonnellyae, holotype.
Figure 261.
Figure 261.
Hormiusnelsonzamorai holotype.
Figure 262.
Figure 262.
Nine neatly arrayed white cocoons of Hormiusnelsonzamorai (DHJPAR0035445) that were glued to the leaf wall of the larval nest, over the cadaver, revealed by stripping off one wall of the collectively spun cover of the cocoons.
Figure 263.
Figure 263.
Hormiuspamelacastilloae holotype.
Figure 264.
Figure 264.
Three separate cocoons of Hormiuspamelacastilloae (DHJPAR0038272) that were glued between the overlapping leaves of the nest of the host caterpillar Omiodes humeralisDHJ07 (10-SRNP-75038).
Figure 265.
Figure 265.
Hormiusraycypessi, holotype.
Figure 266.
Figure 266.
Hormiusritacolwellae, holotype.
Figure 267.
Figure 267.
Hormiusrobcolwelli, holotype.
Figure 268.
Figure 268.
Hormius.rogerblancosegurai, holotype.
Figure 269.
Figure 269.
Hormiusronaldzunigai, holotype.
Figure 270.
Figure 270.
Dispersed white cocoons of Hormiusronaldzunigai (DHJPAR0038086) in the remains of the caterpillar nest of leaves spun together with light silk.
Figure 271.
Figure 271.
Hormiusrusschapmani, holotype.
Figure 272.
Figure 272.
Hormiusvirginiaferrisae, holotype.
Figure 273.
Figure 273.
Hormiuswarrenbrighami, holotype.
Figure 274.
Figure 274.
Hormiuswillsflowersi, holotype.
Figure 275.
Figure 275.
Oligoneurusjorgejimenezi, holotype.
Figure 276.
Figure 276.
Oligoneuruskriskrishtalkai, holotype.
Figure 277.
Figure 277.
Paroligoneuruselainehoaglandae, holotype.
Figure 278.
Figure 278.
Paroligoneurusjulianhumphriesi, holotype.
Figure 279.
Figure 279.
Paroligoneurusmikeiviei, holotype.
Figure 280.
Figure 280.
Austrozelejorgecampabadali, holotype.
Figure 281.
Figure 281.
Austrozelejorgesoberoni, holotype.
Figure 282.
Figure 282.
Dolichozelejosefernandeztrianai, holotype.
Figure 283.
Figure 283.
Dolichozelejosephinerodriguezae: holotype female except male paratype (upper right); image added to show sexual dimorphism.
Figure 284.
Figure 284.
Dolichozelegravitarsis.
Figure 285.
Figure 285.
Hymenochaoniakalevikulli, holotype.
Figure 286.
Figure 286.
Hymenochaoniakateperezae, holotype.
Figure 287.
Figure 287.
Hymenochaoniakatherinebaillieae, holotype.
Figure 288.
Figure 288.
Hymenochaoniakatherineellisonae, holotype.
Figure 289.
Figure 289.
Hymenochaoniakatyvandusenae, holotype.
Figure 290.
Figure 290.
Hymenochaoniakazumifukunagae, holotype.
Figure 291.
Figure 291.
Hymenochaoniakeithlangdoni, holotype.
Figure 292.
Figure 292.
Hymenochaoniakeithwillmotti, holotype.
Figure 293.
Figure 293.
Hymenochaoniakenjinishidai, holotype.
Figure 294.
Figure 294.
Hymenochaoniakimberleysheldonae, holotype.
Figure 295.
Figure 295.
Hymenochaoniakrisnorvigae, holotype.
Figure 296.
Figure 296.
Hymenochaonialilianamadrigalae holotype female; except male paratype (top right) to show sexual dimorphism in color.
Figure 297.
Figure 297.
Hymenochaonializlangleyae, holotype.
Figure 298.
Figure 298.
Macrocentrusfredsingeri, holotype.
Figure 299.
Figure 299.
Macrocentrusgeoffbarnardi, holotype.
Figure 300.
Figure 300.
Macrocentrusgregburtoni, holotype.
Figure 301.
Figure 301.
Macrocentrusgretchendailyae, holotype.
Figure 302.
Figure 302.
Macrocentrusgrettelvegae, holotype.
Figure 303.
Figure 303.
Macrocentrusgustavogutierrezi, holotype.
Figure 304.
Figure 304.
Macrocentrushannahjamesae, holotype.
Figure 305.
Figure 305.
Macrocentrusharisridhari, holotype.
Figure 306.
Figure 306.
Macrocentrushillaryrosnerae, holotype.
Figure 307.
Figure 307.
Macrocentrushiroshikidonoi, holotype.
Figure 308.
Figure 308.
Macrocentrusiangauldi, holotype.
Figure 309.
Figure 309.
Macrocentrusjennyphillipsae, holotype.
Figure 310.
Figure 310.
Macrocentrusjesseausubeli, holotype.
Figure 311.
Figure 311.
Macrocentrusjessemaysharkae, holotype.
Figure 313.
Figure 313.
Macrocentrusjohnbrowni, holotype.
Figure 312.
Figure 312.
Macrocentrusjimwhitfieldi, holotype.
Figure 314.
Figure 314.
Macrocentrusjohnburnsi, holotype.
Figure 315.
Figure 315.
Macrocentrusjonathanfranzeni, holotype.
Figure 316.
Figure 316.
Macrocentrusjonathanrosenbergi, holotype.
Figure 317.
Figure 317.
Macrocentrusjorgebaltodanoi, holotype.
Figure 318.
Figure 318.
Macrocentruslucianocapelli, holotype.
Figure 319.
Figure 319.
Orgilusamyrossmanae, holotype.
Figure 320.
Figure 320.
Orgiluscarrolyoonae, holotype.
Figure 321.
Figure 321.
Orgiluschristhompsoni, holotype.
Figure 322.
Figure 322.
Orgiluschristinemcmahonae, holotype.
Figure 323.
Figure 323.
Orgilusdianalipscombae, holotype.
Figure 324.
Figure 324.
Orgilusebbenielsoni, holotype.
Figure 325.
Figure 325.
Orgiluselizabethpennisiae, holotype.
Figure 326.
Figure 326.
Orgilusevertlindquisti, holotype.
Figure 327.
Figure 327.
Orgilusgenestoermeri, holotype.
Figure 328.
Figure 328.
Orgilusjamesriegeri, holotype.
Figure 329.
Figure 329.
Orgilusjeanmillerae, holotype.
Figure 330.
Figure 330.
Orgilusjeffmilleri, holotype.
Figure 331.
Figure 331.
Orgilusjerrypowelli, holotype.
Figure 332.
Figure 332.
Orgilusjimtiedjei, holotype.
Figure 333.
Figure 333.
Orgilusjohnlundbergi, holotype.
Figure 334.
Figure 334.
Orgilusjohnpipolyi, holotype.
Figure 335.
Figure 335.
Orgilusjorgellorentei, holotype.
Figure 336.
Figure 336.
Orgiluslarryspearsi, holotype.
Figure 337.
Figure 337.
Orgilusmarlinricei, holotype.
Figure 338.
Figure 338.
Orgilusmellissaespinozae, holotype.
Figure 339.
Figure 339.
Orgilusmikesmithi, holotype.
Figure 340.
Figure 340.
Orgilusnormplatnicki, holotype.
Figure 341.
Figure 341.
Orgiluspeterrauchi, holotype.
Figure 342.
Figure 342.
Orgilusrichardprimacki, holotype.
Figure 343.
Figure 343.
Orgilussandraberriosae, holotype.
Figure 344.
Figure 344.
Orgilussarahmirandae, holotype.
Figure 345.
Figure 345.
Orgilusscottmilleri, holotype.
Figure 346.
Figure 346.
Orgilusscottmorii, holotype.
Figure 347.
Figure 347.
Stantoniabillalleni, holotype.
Figure 348.
Figure 348.
Stantoniabrookejarvisae, holotype.
Figure 349.
Figure 349.
Stantoniadonwilsoni, holotype.
Figure 350.
Figure 350.
Stantoniaerikabjorstromae, holotype.
Figure 351.
Figure 351.
Stantoniagarywolfi, holotype.
Figure 352.
Figure 352.
Stantoniahenrikekmani, holotype.
Figure 353.
Figure 353.
Stantonialuismirandai, holotype.
Figure 354.
Figure 354.
Stantoniamiriamzunzae, holotype.
Figure 355.
Figure 355.
Stantoniaquentinwheeleri, holotype.
Figure 356.
Figure 356.
Stantoniarobinkazmierae, holotype.
Figure 357.
Figure 357.
Stantoniaruthtifferae, holotype.
Figure 358.
Figure 358.
Hebichneutestricolor.
Figure 359.
Figure 359.
Proteropsiangauldi, holotype.
Figure 360.
Figure 360.
Proteropsvickifunkae, holotype.
Figure 361.
Figure 361.
MichenercharlesiA, B holotype C, D paratype.
Figure 362.
Figure 362.
Pseudorhysipolisluisfonsecai, holotype.
Figure 363.
Figure 363.
Pseudorhysipolismailyngonzalezae, holotype.
Figure 364.
Figure 364.
Rhysipolisjulioquirosi, holotype.
Figure 365.
Figure 365.
Cocoon of holotype of Rhysipolisjulioquirosi.
Figure 366.
Figure 366.
BioalfapedroleoniA, B, D–H holotype C paratype A lateral habitus B lateral habitus C wings D anterior head E dorsal head, mesosoma and terga 1–2 F tarsal claw G dorsal metasoma H hind tibial spurs.
Figure 367.
Figure 367.
Bioalfaalvarougaldei holotype A lateral head and mesosoma B lateral metasoma C wings D anterior head E lateral habitus F dorsal head and mesosoma G tarsal claw H hind tibial spurs I apex of hind tibia J metasomal terga 1 and 2 K apex of metasoma, dorsal view.
Figure 368.
Figure 368.
Bioalfarodrigogamezi: A lateral habitus, arrows point to maxillary and labial palpi B lateral habitus C forewing.
Figure 369.
Figure 369.
Hermosomastaxclavifemorus: A lateral head and mesosoma B dorsal thorax C wings D metasomal terga 1–3 E lateral habitus F anterior head G dorsal head H hind femur I apex of hind tibia.
Figure 370.
Figure 370.
Aleiodesadrianaradulovae, holotype.
Figure 371.
Figure 371.
Aleiodesadrianforsythi, holotype.
Figure 372.
Figure 372.
Aleiodesagnespeelleae, holotype.
Figure 373.
Figure 373.
Aleiodesalaneaglei, holotype.
Figure 374.
Figure 374.
Aleiodesalanflemingi, holotype.
Figure 375.
Figure 375.
Aleiodesalanhalevii, holotype.
Figure 376.
Figure 376.
Aleiodesalejandromasisi, holotype.
Figure 377.
Figure 377.
Aleiodesalessandracallejae, holotype.
Figure 378.
Figure 378.
Aleiodesalexsmithi, holotype.
Figure 379.
Figure 379.
Aleiodesalfonsopescadori, holotype.
Figure 380.
Figure 380.
Aleiodesalisundermieri, holotype.
Figure 381.
Figure 381.
Aleiodesalmasolisae, holotype.
Figure 382.
Figure 382.
Aleiodesalvarougaldei, holotype.
Figure 383.
Figure 383.
Aleiodesalvaroumanai, holotype.
Figure 384.
Figure 384.
Aleiodesangelsolisi, holotype.
Figure 385.
Figure 385.
Aleiodesannhowdenae, holotype.
Figure 386.
Figure 386.
Aleiodesbobandersoni, holotype.
Figure 387.
Figure 387.
Aleiodescarolinagodoyae, holotype.
Figure 388.
Figure 388.
Aleiodescharlieobrieni, holotype.
Figure 389.
Figure 389.
Aleiodesdavefurthi, holotype.
Figure 390.
Figure 390.
Aleiodesdonwhiteheadi, holotype.
Figure 391.
Figure 391.
Aleiodesdoylemckeyi, holotype.
Figure 392.
Figure 392.
Aleiodesfrankhovorei, holotype.
Figure 393.
Figure 393.
Aleiodeshenryhowdeni, holotype.
Figure 394.
Figure 394.
Aleiodesjohnchemsaki, holotype.
Figure 395.
Figure 395.
Aleiodesjohnkingsolveri, holotype.
Figure 396.
Figure 396.
Aleiodesgonodontovorus Shaw & Shimbori.
Figure 397.
Figure 397.
Aleiodesmanuelzumbadoi, holotype.
Figure 398.
Figure 398.
Aleiodesmayrabonillae, holotype.
Figure 399.
Figure 399.
Aleiodesmichelledsouzae, holotype.
Figure 400.
Figure 400.
Aleiodesmikeiviei, holotype.
Figure 401
Figure 401
Aleiodesnormwoodleyi, holotype.
Figure 402.
Figure 402.
Aleiodesinga Shimbori & Shaw.
Figure 403.
Figure 403.
Aleiodespammitchellae, holotype.
Figure 404.
Figure 404.
Aleiodespauljohnsoni, holotype.
Figure 405.
Figure 405.
Aleiodesrosewarnerae, holotype.
Figure 406.
Figure 406.
Aleiodessteveashei, holotype.
Figure 407.
Figure 407.
Aleiodesterryerwini, holotype.
Figure 408.
Figure 408.
Aleiodeswillsflowersi, holotype.
Figure 409.
Figure 409.
Choreborogasandydeansi, holotype.
Figure 410.
Figure 410.
Choreborogaseladiocastroi, holotype.
Figure 411.
Figure 411.
Choreborogasfelipechavarriai, holotype.
Figure 412.
Figure 412.
Choreborogasfrankjoycei, holotype.
Figure 413.
Figure 413.
Clinocentrusandywarreni, holotype.
Figure 414.
Figure 414.
Clinocentrusangelsolisi, holotype.
Figure 415.
Figure 415.
Cystomastaxalexhausmanni, holotype.
Figure 416.
Figure 416.
Cystomastaxangelagonzalezae, holotype.
Figure 417.
Figure 417.
Cystomastaxayaigarashiae, holotype.
Figure 418.
Figure 418.
Heterogamusdonstonei, holotype.
Figure 419.
Figure 419.
Pseudoyeliconesbernsweeneyi, holotype.
Figure 420.
Figure 420.
Mummified remains of the pupa of Chloropaschiamennusalis after emergence of the parasitoid.
Figure 421.
Figure 421.
Stiropiusbencrairi, holotype.
Figure 422.
Figure 422.
Stiropiusberndkerni, holotype.
Figure 423.
Figure 423.
Stiropiusedgargutierrezi, holotype
Figure 424.
Figure 424.
Stiropiusedwilsoni, holotype.
Figure 425.
Figure 425.
Stiropiusehakernae, holotype.
Figure 426.
Figure 426.
Triraphisbillfreelandi, holotype.
Figure 427.
Figure 427.
Triraphisbillmclarneyi, holotype.
Figure 428.
Figure 428.
Triraphisbillripplei, holotype.
Figure 429.
Figure 429.
Triraphisbobandersoni, holotype female and paratype male.
Figure 430.
Figure 430.
Triraphisbobrobbinsi, holotype female and paratype male.
Figure 431.
Figure 431.
Triraphisbradzlotnicki, holotype.
Figure 432.
Figure 432.
Triraphisbrianbrowni, holotype female and paratype male.
Figure 433.
Figure 433.
Triraphisbrianlaueri, holotype.
Figure 434.
Figure 434.
Triraphisbriannestjacquesae, holotype.
Figure 435.
Figure 435.
Triraphiscamilocamargoi, holotype.
Figure 436.
Figure 436.
Triraphiscarlosherrerai, holotype.
Figure 437.
Figure 437.
Triraphiscarolinepalmerae, holotype.
Figure 438.
Figure 438.
Triraphischarlesmorrisi, holotype.
Figure 439.
Figure 439.
Triraphischigiybinellae, holotype.
Figure 440.
Figure 440.
Triraphischristerhanssoni, holotype.
Figure 441.
Figure 441.
Triraphischristhompsoni, holotype.
Figure 442.
Figure 442.
Triraphisconniebarlowae, holotype.
Figure 443.
Figure 443.
Triraphiscraigsimonsi, holotype.
Figure 444.
Figure 444.
Triraphisdanielhubi, holotype.
Figure 445.
Figure 445.
Triraphisdavidduthiei, holotype.
Figure 446.
Figure 446.
Triraphisdavidwahli, holotype.
Figure 447.
Figure 447.
Triraphisdefectus.
Figure 448.
Figure 448.
Triraphisfedericomatarritai, holotype.
Figure 449.
Figure 449.
Triraphisferrisjabri, holotype.
Figure 450.
Figure 450.
Triraphismariobozai, holotype.
Figure 451.
Figure 451.
Triraphismartindohrni, holotype.
Figure 452.
Figure 452.
Triraphismatssegnestami, holotype.
Figure 453.
Figure 453.
Triraphismehrdadhajibabaei holotype.
Figure 454.
Figure 454.
Triraphisollieflinti, holotype.
Figure 455.
Figure 455.
Triraphistildalauerae, holotype.
Figure 456.
Figure 456.
Yeliconesdirksteinkei, holotype.
Figure 457.
Figure 457.
Yeliconesmarkmetzi, holotype.
Figure 458.
Figure 458.
Yeliconesmonserrathvargasae, holotype.
Figure 459.
Figure 459.
Yeliconestricolor.
Figure 460.
Figure 460.
Yeliconeswoldai.
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References

    1. Achterberg C van. (1979) A revision of the subfamily Zelinae auct. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 122: 241–479.
    1. Achterberg C van. (1987) Revisionary notes on the subfamily Orgilinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden 242: 1–111. https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/317720/ZV1987242001.pdf
    1. Achterberg C van. (1989) Pheloura gen. nov., a Neotropical genus with an extremely long pseudo-ovipositor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam 49: 105–108.
    1. Achterberg C van. (1990a) Revision of the subtribe Mesocoelina Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden 64(4): 31–57. https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/318412/ZM1990064004.pdf
    1. Achterberg C van. (1990b) Revision of the western Palaearctic Phanerotomini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden 255: 3–106.

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